The Cross-Cultural Differences in Perceived Stress of the COVID-19  Pandemic in Schoolchildren from Russia and Kyrgyzstan  With Normal and High Levels of Anxiety and Depression

Maria Sitnikova; Ekaterina Proshina; Alena Deviaterikova; Sergey Malykh; Oksana O. Moiseeva; Marina Ananieva

doi:10.23947/2334-8496-2022-10-2-27-37

Authors

Maria Sitnikova Research and Project Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience and Neurotechnologies, Belgorod National Research University: Belgorod, Russia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3545-2149
Ekaterina Proshina Laboratory of Psychophysiology of Individual Differences, Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6440-160X
Alena Deviaterikova Research Institute for Brain Development and Peak Performance, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7666-1089
Sergey Malykh Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Education, Russian Academy of Education, Moscow, Russia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3786-7447
Oksana O. Moiseeva Research and Project Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience and Neurotechnologies, Belgorod National Research University: Belgorod, Russia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-5666
Marina Ananieva Research and Project Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience and Neurotechnologies, Belgorod National Research University: Belgorod, Russia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3315-1860

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23947/2334-8496-2022-10-2-27-37

Keywords:

COVID-19 pandemic, psychological outcomes, stress, anxiety, depression, schoolchildren

Abstract

Children and youth of school age form a special population group highly sensitive to various stressors and negative effects in everyday life. The COVID-19 pandemic crisis characterized by uncertainty, vulnerability, changes in quality of life together with urgent transition to distant/online learning affected significantly psychological well-being of children and youth. The aim of this study was to assess the cross-cultural differences in actual stress in Russian and Kyrgyz schoolchildren with high and low levels of anxiety and depression during the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic and after a year life during the pandemic. The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted via an online survey completed by total 1834 schoolchildren aged from 13 to 18 from Russia and Kyrgyzstan, the periods of survey: 10th May - 10th June, 2020; 18th May -15th June, 2021. The Perceived Stress Scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used to assess stress, anxiety and depression scores. The findings suggest that there are cross-cultural differences in perceived stress amongst schoolchildren with high level of depression and anxiety: Russian respondents in 2021 demonstrated less pronounced index of the perceived stress than Kyrgyz schoolchildren. The stress level of Kyrgyz schoolchildren increased significantly in 2021 in comparison to the period of outbreak of the pandemic. In 2021 in both countries we found the same pattern: girls had significantly more pronounced stress than boys. The results disclose important aspects of the impact of COVID-19 on schoolchildren and demonstrate the emerging need of psychological aid and for supporting schoolchildren mental health.

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References

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