International Journal of Cognitive Research in Science, Engineering and Education (IJCRSEE)

IJCRSEE Editorial Team; Abdullah Bin Dawood; Abigail Dickinson; Myles Jones

doi:10.23947/2334-8496-2023-11-3-375-387

Authors

Abdullah Bin Dawood Department of Psychology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0789-2836
Abigail Dickinson Center for Autism Research and Treatment, University of California, Semel Institute for Neuroscience, Los Angeles, United States of America https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1936-2135
Myles Jones Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield UK https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4580-7559

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23947/2334-8496-2023-11-3-375-387

Keywords:

Excitation inhibition balance, Orientation Discrimination Task, Autistic personality traits, Schizotypal personality traits, Visual Perception

Abstract

Imbalances in cortical excitation and inhibition (E-I) have been implicated in both autism spectrum conditions (ASC) and schizophrenia spectrum conditions (SSC). However, most studies investigate these clinical conditions independently, possibly due to the difficulty of obtaining comorbid clinical populations. As such, the current study investigated the relationship between performance in the orientation discrimination task “ODT” as a potential proxy for E-I balance and the autistic (as assessed by Autism Spectrum Quotient “AQ”) and schizotypal personality traits (as assessed by Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire-Brief “SPQ-BR”) in the general population. 87 healthy adult volunteers participated in the study. We found that high autistic personality traits are associated with enhanced performance in the oblique condition of ODT. In contrast, high schizotypal personality traits are associated with poor performance in the vertical condition of ODT. Such associations support the suggested disruption of cortical E-I balance in ASC and SSC.

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